Reasons for European Exploration to the Americas Essay Example for Free

Health Promotion and Teaching as Tools for Nursing Essay -- Healthy He

Establishing the Framework for a Healthier Future Wellbeing advancement and instructing are significant apparatuses for nursing. By advancing wellbeing and wellbeing educating, medical attendants can help establish the framework for a more beneficial future. Significant Concepts and Definitions Beliefâ€a explanation of sense, announced or suggested, that is mentally or potentially genuinely acknowledged as evident by an individual or gathering. Attitudeâ€a moderately steady inclination, inclination, or an allowance of faith based expectations that is coordinated toward an article, an individual, or a circumstance. Valueâ€a inclination that is shared and transmitted inside a network. Conduct diagnosisâ€the outline of the particular wellbeing activities that are destined to impact a wellbeing result. Wellbeing Belief Modelâ€a worldview used to foresee and clarify wellbeing conduct that depends on esteem anticipation hypothesis. Perceiveâ€how one perspectives oneself’s wellbeing. Expectanciesâ€outcomes and assessment of how conduct is resolved. Partitioned into three sorts. Ecological cuesâ€subconcept of hopes, convictions how occasions are associated. Result expectationâ€subconcept of anticipations, outcomes of one’s own activities. Viability expectationâ€subconcept of hopes, one’s own ability to play out the conduct required to impact results. Incentives†estimation of a specific item or result. Areas of learningâ€information, abilities, and perspectives should have been educated to accomplish the fitting degree of learning. Psychological domainâ€subconcept, advancement of new realities or ideas, expanding on or applying past information to new circumstances. Psychomotor learningâ€subconcept, advancement of physical abilities from easy to complex activities. Emotional learningâ€recognition of qualities, strict and profound convictions, family association examples and connections and individual perspectives that influence choices and critical thinking progress. Teachingâ€a arranged and deliberate action that attendants use to improve the probability that people will learn. Significant Assumptions Significant suppositions are taken from Rosenstock’s (1966) Health Belief Model, Bandura’s (1986) Social Cognitive Theory (Edleman and Mandle, 1998), and the showing procedure (Boyd, Graham, Gleit, and Whitman, 1998). As indicated by Leddy and Pepper (1993), presumptions from the Health Belief Model incorporate the accompanying viewpoints: 1. Seen powerlessness, the client’s ... ... what's more, the Social Cognitive Theory can assist the medical caretaker with analyzing factors that add to man’s saw condition of wellbeing. Working with the customer in the best possible space of learning, the medical caretaker will have the option to help the customer to accomplish the ideal degree of working. This model can likewise be utilized with incessantly sick patients. Once more, the objective for the customer is to accomplish the ideal degree of working. Challenges in application to nursing practice would be the insensible patient or the in critical condition understanding with no subjective aptitudes. Wellbeing advancement and training are significant nursing devices yet just whenever applied appropriately so the customer can make solid conduct changes with the objective being to accomplish their ideal degree of working. References Boyd, M. D., Graham, B. A., Gleit, C. J., and Whitman, N. I. (1998). Wellbeing educating in nursing practice: An expert model (third ed.). Stamford, CT: Appleton and Lange. Edleman, C. L., and Mandle, C. L. (1998). Wellbeing advancement all through the life expectancy (fourth ed.). St Louis, MO: Mosby, Inc. Leddy, S., and Pepper, J. M. (1993). Calculated bases of expert nursing (third ed.). Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott.

Understanding the Growth of Zalando

Understanding the Growth of Zalando Zalando is the leading online fashion marketplace in Europe. Currently Zalando is active in 15 countries and is on track to generate sales of €2 billion in fiscal year 2014.At  Kinneviks capital market day 2014, they shared some insights on their growth story which I would like to share with you.But lets start with the product offering which ranges from shoes, fashion to accessoires. This makes Zalando the go-to fashion destination in Europe. © Shutterstock.com | Pieter BeensBy looking at the investor presentation, we can gain interesting insights on how Zalando expanded its business.First, they focused on building an online marketplace for shoes in Germany and thereby validating the general business model.Then, they expanded into more products (category expansion) and more countries (geographic expansion) in order gain market leadership.Lastly, they now focus on improving efficiency so that sales will transform into profit somewhen. ?? © Zalando © ZalandoZalandos expansion can be easily understood when looking at its sales development. In 2013, more than 60% of Zalandos sales was generated outside of its core region (Germany, Austria, Switzerland). © ZalandoOne facilitator for improved efficiency is the setup of own logistic centers in Mönchengladbach, Brieselang, and Erfurt. This will be key to improve the profit contribution an order will make. © ZalandoIn the past Zalando did not even generate a positive EBIT. Of co urse, partly this can be attributed to its tremendous growth. On the other hand, Zalando needs to show investors that they can earn a profit on their sales. From my point of view, they should now focus on decreasing logistic costs (setting up own logistic centers is a good signal), automizing processes as much as possible by using IT tools, and decreasing the return rate. If they succeed on all three factors, then having €2 billion in sales will translate into a nice profit. But I think, this will be a very very hard task given Zalandos branding (free shipping and you can return the products within 100 days for free). At least the EBIT has improved over the last years. ?? © ZalandoIt will be very interesting to see how Zalando will improve its operational efficiency as Zalando is one of the biggest success stories from European entrepreneurs.Please find attached the whole presentation.Zalando_Kinnevik Rocket CMD 2014.pdf /* /* ]]> */

Successful Business Success - 1474 Words

There are many businesses that have failed and many business owners who can attest to the pain of failure. Fortunately, business owners don’t give up easily. They learn from mistakes to forge onto success. It’s because of their failures they can impart their wisdom in preventing the same mistakes. The initial and biggest dilemma is how to prioritize focus. Business owners get pulled into so many directions, they multitask and can easily get off track. This can start well before a business is even off the ground. After scouring many books, articles and resources, steps to establish a successful business can be categorized into 4 areas: Team, Operations, Planning and Profit or â€Å"TOPP†. It starts with the right people (Team), there†¦show more content†¦Legal and financial professional will provide the most candid feedback when it comes to the vitality of the business. BusinessAdvising.org identified the top 5 Professionals needed for a business and include an attorney, accountant, HR consultant, financial expert and staff writer. Most of these can be hired contractually of course while providing much needed services for business growth. According to Merriam-Webster dictionary the definition of Operation is: performance of a practical work or of something involving the practical application of principles or process. The two key words here are â€Å"principles† and â€Å"process†. A business is either making something, selling something or providing a service. All require principles and process. A business owner will need to understand each step involved since this is the heart of the business. As processes are developed, there will need to be a way to measure efficiency. Metrics are a business owners â€Å"best friend† when it comes to decision making. It allows businesses to make decisions on whether something is working or not. It can provide information on performance of investments, people, machines, and so much more. It gives them a snap shot as to how customers are reacting to the product or service and it will help keep business owners informed. It’s easy to consider the mechanics of operations, but what about accounting and the finances of a business? Accounting is data drivenShow MoreRelatedConsequences of Successful Business vs Unsuccessful Business: Linking Business Success to Management1011 Words   |  5 PagesConsequences of successful business vs unsuccessful business: Linking business success to management The success of a business is based on the quality, the education and the experience of management. Experience is necessary in order to make the right decisions and education leads to higher quality of performance. Quality decisions and performances contribute to the achievement of the business objectives and goals. All these success factors enhance the strengths of the business, which makes itRead MoreThe Success Of Success At School1325 Words   |  6 PagesThe average student in a developed country spends 17.7 years in school. Generally, their success within these years of learning is measured by their grades and development but rarely on success in their careers after school. However, despite what many teachers stress to their students, being successful in school does not ensure a successful career in business as this success requires different skills and personality traits. A narrow view is often taken where only western countries are compared. WhenRead More The Keys to Entrepre neurship Essay710 Words   |  3 Pagesto Entrepreneurship What makes a successful entrepreneur? What can one do to put oneself in a position to succeed on their own? Jay Goltz, for example, is an extremely successful entrepreneur who started his business from the ground up. In the summer of 1978, Jay Goltz founded the Artist’s Frame Service. His business started by using his father’s basement as his office, but eventually moved to an old factory district in Chicago. Today, Goltz’s business in the largest retail, custom pictureRead MoreBusiness Model Innovation : Opportunities And Barriers1352 Words   |  6 Pages Business Model Innovation: Opportunities and barriers (Chesbrough, H. 2010) Introduction The title is about the business Model and is more focused on innovation in Business Model and how this strategy is helpful in boosting up the business and economic outputs of a company. This article illustrates that if two companies have same inputs and capabilities the economic outcomes will be dependent on the business strategy adopted. This article was written by the author â€Å"Henry Chesbrough† who is a theoristRead MoreThe Successful Entrepreneurs1264 Words   |  6 PagesBUSINESS MANAGEMENT ( FMG0044 ) ASSIGNMENT 1 : â€Å" THE SUCCESSFUL ENTREPRENEURS † Lecturer : Sir Azizi Name : 1) Ahmad Zul Iqmal B. Zulkifli (012012051643) 2) Khoo Chee Hong (012012050692) CONTENT 1) Introduction 2) Profile / Background of the entrepreneur 3) The success characteristics / traits of the entrepreneur 4) How should I imply his / her success attitude to improve my personal development / my life ? 5) Conclusion INTRODUCTION EntrepreneurshipRead MoreRobert Frosts The Road Not Taken : The Definition Of Success1248 Words   |  5 PagesSuccess is not easy to achieve. In Robert Frost’s famous poem â€Å"The Road Not Taken†, the main character describes his success in saying â€Å"Two roads diverged in a wood, and †¦ I took the one less traveled by. And that has made all the difference.† In order to become successful it takes hard work and dedication. Not only that but one must be determined to achieve success. Not many people are willing to go down this path. Success is defined as â€Å"accomplishment of what is desired or aimed at, achievementRead MoreWhat Makes a Business Successful?1072 Words   |  5 PagesCorporate Success I chose the subject of corporate success because I work in a corporate office. My major is Business Management, in which I am fascinated. I feel this research will help me understand my chosen career path better. I am familiar with the structure, policies and procedures within the corporate world, but I know there is more to a successful business than just what is seen on the surface. There are many aspects of a business that make it profitable and successful. If you have one personRead MoreSmart Successful Selling : Why You Should Have An Organized System?975 Words   |  4 PagesGoal: to create a blog post for eddymindlin.com Total Word Count In This Document: 975 Title: ?Smart Successful Selling: Why You Should Have An Organized System? It?s no secret that organization is one of the keys to success. You can?t be messy and disorganized if you want to be successful at something. You have to be focused, driven, hard working, and, above all, organized. You have to be clean, orderly, and in control not just when it comes to the state of your workspace, like how much clutterRead MorePlanning For Long Term Success1014 Words   |  5 Pages2 Planning for Long-Term Success Planning for Long-Term Success Genia Moses Dr. Paul Frankenhauser Strayer University August 14, 2016 A successful business is like a road map covering all the highways and streets of the organization. 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William Shakespeare s Beowulf Essay - 4217 Words

Tuttle 1 Beowulf- Unfit to be King of the Geats For 1000 years we have been reading of the adventures of Beowulf, and his story was told for hundreds of years before. The tale is full of trials, tribulations, adventure, great loss, great victory, and wonderful battles. But, what do we make of it? Is it a tale told to illustrate the virtues of the epic hero himself, or is it a cautionary tale, told to warn the readers of the dangers of allowing unqualified men (or women) to ascend to a position of leadership and the inevitable results of such an event? The author of Beowulf takes great care to describe the hero in detail, and we, as readers, learn about his abundant courage and strength. We are taken on a tour through his early struggles, his successes against the great monster Grendel and Grendel’s mother, and his ultimate demise during his battle with a dragon. But one needs to analyze the unstated theme in order to fully appreciate the effect that Beowulf has had on readers for generations. Stanley Greenfield, in his article â€Å"Beowulf and Epic Tragedy† writes that, in the end, â€Å"For all of Beowulf’s efforts, he is reaped only with useless gold, for a nation soon to perish† (104). This is representative of the core issue at hand in this epic. Beowulf is unfit to be a great king, despite his physical prowess. Because of his early and continuing history of foolishly taking unnecessary risks, his excessive pride and lack of humility, the diminishing quality of his personalShow MoreRelatedWilliam S hakespeare s Beowulf 793 Words   |  4 Pagesselflessness, valor, fairness, and moxie. Beowulf embodies these attributes, and they can be seen through his actions and words. Beowulf shows more care for his companions and people than for himself throughout the story, from his dive into the mere to his final battle. Before diving into the mere to fight with Grendel’s mother, Beowulf requests of Hrothgar, that â€Å"If he came to harm, his gifts should remain with the Geats and his friends should be protected.† Beowulf has no self-interest in the wealthRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Beowulf And The Genesis Of The Beowulf1321 Words   |  6 Pageswhich is a recurring theme throughout in Beowulf. In the epic, not only did Beowulf seeks wergild for the death of his friend, but Grendel’s mother looks to avenge her son’s death. The need for wergild is a constant theme in the epic. In order to understand the poem Beowulf and the importance of wergild, one must understand the time period it was written and its purpose. Leonard Neidorf discusses in the article, â€Å"VII Ethelred and the Genesis of the Beowulf Manuscript† that the English leaders inRead MoreComparing Beowulf And William Shakespeare s Macbeth1554 Words   |  7 Pagescultures, and is also corroborated in famous literary works such as Seamus Heaney’s Beowulf and William Shakespeare’s Macbeth. Key characters in these epics often rose to the occasion and made a positive impact on the society with their exceptional bravery, selflessness, moral courage, and steadfastness of character. There were also instances where the same characters didn’t exercise the best judgement. Although Beowulf had many more heroic moments than Macbeth and Macduff, each of them had their virtuesRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Beowulf - Noble Or Narcissistic1002 Words   |  5 Pagescourage, outst anding achievements, or noble qualities. Beowulf lacks noble qualities. Noble qualities show what he will fight for what they believe in no matter the cost or the benefits. 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Though theyRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s The Dream Of The Rood, Beowulf, And The Canterbury Tales Essay1414 Words   |  6 Pagesreflects such rich history and customs packed into its literature. The foundation of much British literature that integrated the convention of British civilization came during the Medieval Period. The Medieval stories of â€Å"The Dream of the Rood,† Beowulf, and The Canterbury Tales contained some of the British culture concerning gender, religion, and the view of heroes. One aspect of British culture of the Medieval times was the stereotypes of gender and certain expectations in gender roles. For exampleRead MoreWhat Central Theme Can Be Found Throughout All The Literature We Read This Semester?1088 Words   |  5 Pages1. What central theme(s) can be found in all the literature we read this semester? Throughout the stories from this semester one key interesting theme as an adult was sex. Almost all stories had some type of sexual intercourse. In the website Merriam-Webster sex is define as a physical activity in which people touch each other’s bodies, kiss each other, etc. : physical that is related to and often includes sexual intercourse. Sex its not a excellent essay to write about, but as an adult its beingRead MoreMacbeth vs Beowulf874 Words   |  4 PagesBeowulf and Macbeth Beowulf, identified as an epic hero and Macbeth, identified as a tragic hero both are very similar and different in their own ways. The epic poem, Beowulf translated by Seamus Heaney and the tragic play, Macbeth, written by William Shakespeare both have heroes as the protagonist of the story. The stories written in two different time periods, still can be seen with many similarities and differences. A tragic hero is of high ranking and unfortunately has a flaw that they possessRead MoreLiterary Foils Of Beowulf, Julius Caesar, And Dr. Jekyll And Mr. Hyde889 Words   |  4 Pagesin the stories of Beowulf, Julius Caesar, and Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde. Foils exist in the epic Beowulf. Beowulf is written by an unknown author and is translated by Burton Raffel in the Anglo-Saxon era. There is a force, vitality, clearness and distinctiveness in the characters, not only in Beowulf’s personality, but in all the other personalities (Brooke). Beowulf and Grendal are very contrasting characters because of their distinct personalities. Beowulf is a famous soldier s son â€Å"My father /Read MoreInfluence Of Medieval Literature On Modern Films1169 Words   |  5 Pagesin 1995’s film Judge Dredd (Simon, par. 5). Also, it shows how Macbeth was overly engaged in his desire to take over everyone, which ended with his death, as well as The Joker in the movie Dark Knight that ended with the joker being defeated (Shakespeare 379, 386, 387, â€Å"Dark Knight,† par. 8, 9). Another example of similarities influencing modern films would be in the story Beowulf when Beowulf â€Å"set sail to aid Danish King Hrothgar in his fight against the monster Grendel† (â€Å"About Beowulf†). This

Iran Awakening Free Essays

Jessica Muhr May 2nd, 2012 History of the Middle East â€Å"Iran Awakening† â€Å"One Woman’s Journey to Reclaim Her Life and Country† This book, â€Å"Iran Awakening†, is a novel written by Nobel laureate Shirin Ebadi. Ebadi weaves the story of her life in a very personal and unique way, telling the account of the overthrow of the shah and the establishment of a new, religious fundamentalist regime in which opposition to the government are imprisoned, tortured, and murdered. By simply reading the Prologue, one can see the love Ebadi has for Iran and her people. We will write a custom essay sample on Iran Awakening or any similar topic only for you Order Now This love that Ebadi has for the oppressed of Iran is a theme that appears throughout the book and seems to be a large factor behind her drive to stand up for those who cannot stand up for themselves. In the first chapter, Ebadi recounts her childhood from her birth on June 21st, 1947 in Hamedan, to her childhood in Tehran. Something that may come as a surprise to a reader was the equality between male and female in Ebadi’s home. This equality, however, was not common in most Iranian households, â€Å"Male children enjoyed an exalted status, spoiled and cosseted†¦ They often felt themselves the center of the family’s orbit†¦ Affection for a son was an investment†, says Ebadi. In Iranian culture, it was considered natural for a father to love his son more than his daughter. In Ebadi’s home, though, she describes her parent’s affections, attentions, and discipline as equally distributed. This equality in the home seems to play a large role in creating the strong, determined woman Ebadi would come to be, â€Å"My father’s championing of my independence, from the play yard to my later decision to become a judge, instilled a confidence in me that I never felt consciously, but came to regard as my most valued inheritance. † (Ebadi, 12). One may also find it interesting that as a child, Ebadi did not know anything of politics; until the coup d’etat of 1953. On August 19th, 1953, the beloved Prime Minister Mohammed Mossadegh was toppled in a coup d’etat. Ebadi says that, as children, this news meant nothing. But the adults could see what Ebadi, at the time, could not. The book makes it clear that, to those of Iran who were not paid to think otherwise, Mossadegh was revered as a nationalist hero and the father of Iranian independence for his bold move of nationalizing Iran’s oil industry which had been, until then, controlled by the West. Therefore, it was obvious that this was the beginning of a vast change for Iran. Before the coup, Ebadi’s father, a longtime supporter of the prime minister, had advanced to become minister of agriculture. In this new regime, Ebadi’s father was forced out of his job, fated to languish in lower posts for the rest of his career. This was what caused a silence of all things political in the Ebadi home. Entering law school in 1965 was a â€Å"turning point for me†, says Ebadi. The vast interest in Iran’s politics was shocking to her after coming from a home in which politics were never spoken of. After toying with the idea of studying political science, Ebadi decided on pursuing a judgeship; which is exactly what she did. In March of 1970, at the age of twenty-three, Ebadi became a judge. In 1975, after 6 months of getting to know each other Ebadi married Javad Tavassoni. Her husband, unlike many Iranian men, coped well with her professional ambitions. In the autumn of 1977, there was, what Ebadi describes as, a â€Å"shift in the streets of Tehran†. The shah’s regime was trying to reduce the power of the judiciary by setting up the ‘Mediating Council’, an extrajudicial outfit that would have allowed cases to be judged outside of the formal justice system. Some of the justices wrote a protest letter arguing against the council, demanding that all cases had to be tried before a court of law. This was the first collective action taken by the judges against the shah. Ebadi signed the letter. In January of 1978, President Jimmy Carter arrived in Tehran, Iran and described it as an â€Å"island of stability†, something he later came to regret. Not long after President Carter’s statement, a newspaper article aggressively attacking Khomeini inspired a revolt among the people of Iran, calling for his [Khomeini’s] return; the police shot into the crowd and killed many men. By the summer of 1978, protests had grown larger, making it impossible to avoid them. In early August, a crowded cinema in Abadan was burned to the round. This horrific event burned 400 people alive. The shah blamed this event on religious conservatives; Khomeini accused the SAVAK, the regime’s secret police, which was a force of legendary brutality against the government’s opponents. This tragedy pushed many Iranians against the shah. They now realized that the shah was not merely an American puppet. Ebadi herself says that she was ‘drawn’ to the opposition. She says that it did not seem a contradiction for her, an educated professional woman, to back it (Ebadi, 33). She had no idea that she was backing her own eventual defeat. Ebadi uses something close to irony as she describes a morning when she and several judges and officials stormed into the minister of justice’s office. The minister was not there, instead a startled elder judge sat behind the desk. â€Å"He looked up at us in amazement and his gaze halted when he saw my face. â€Å"You! You of all people, why are you here? † he asked, bewildered and stern. â€Å"Don’t you know that you’re supporting people who will take away your job if they come to power? † â€Å"I’d rather be a free Iranian than an enslaved attorney,† I retorted boldly, self-righteous to the core. (Ebadi, 34) On January 16th, 1979, the shah fled Iran, ending two millennia of rule by Persian kings. The streets were over-crowded with euphoric citizens, Ebadi herself being one of them. On February 1st, 1979, Khomeini returned to Iran. For about a month, the country of Iran hung in the balance. In most of the cities an emergency militar y had gone into immediate effect and Khomeini had ordered people to go back into their homes by nightfall with the instruction to go onto their roof at 9pm and scream, Allaho akbar, â€Å"God is greatest†. On February 11th, Khomeini exhorted people to defy the 4pm curfew the military had imposed by coming out into the streets. Ebadi remembers going into the streets, hearing sounds of the gunshots echoing, and taking in the frenzied scene of emotion. The next day, the 22nd of Bahman on the Iranian calendar, the military surrendered and the prime minister fled the country. The country rejoiced, including Ebadi herself. She says, looking back, she has to laugh at the feeling of pride that washed over her for it took scarcely a month for her to realize that she had willingly participated in her own defeat. Ebadi, 38) Merely days after the revolution’s victory, a man named Fathollah Bani-Sadr was appointed provisional overseer of the Ministry of Justice. Expecting praise from this man, Ebadi was shocked when he said, â€Å"Don’t you think that out of respect for our beloved Imam Khomeini, who has graced Iran with his return, it would be better if you covered your hair? † This headscarf â€Å"invitation† was the first in a long string of restraints on the women of Iran. After being away for less than a month, Ebadi could already see the changes that had taken place in Tehran. The streets were renamed after Shia imams, martyred clerics, and Third World heroics of an anti-imperial struggle. † (Ebadi, 41) Her fellow co-workers, male and female, were dirty and smelled. The bow tie had been banned, being â€Å"deemed a symbol of the West’s evils, smelling of cologne signaled counterrevolutionary tendencies, and riding to the ministry car to work was evidence of class privilege† (Ebadi 42). Rumors spread that Islam barred women from being judges. Ebadi was the most distinguished female judge in all of Tehran. So, upon hearing these rumors, she tried to counter her worries with her connections; but even this small comfort proved to be in vain. In the final days of 1979, Ebadi was effectively stripped of her judgeship. She stubbornly stood, though six months pregnant, as the committee flippantly tossed a sheet of paper at her and said, â€Å"Show up to the research office when you’re done with your vacation†, her ‘vacation’ being her maternity leave. The men then began to talk about her as though she was not there, saying things like, â€Å"Without even starting at the research office, she wants a vacation! † another said, â€Å"They’re disorganized! and another, â€Å"They’re so unmotivated; it’s clear they don’t want to be working! † †¦ The point Ebadi was trying to make is clear by the telling of these statements. Most men, especially those in the government, had lost what little respect they had previously held f or women prior to the Revolution. That much, at least, seemed very clear. The post-Revolution’s effect on women was a grim one. As Ebadi read in a newspaper piece titled â€Å"Islamic Revolution†, â€Å"the life of a woman’s was now half that of a man (for instance, if a car hit both on the street, the cash compensation due to the woman’s family was half of that due the man’s), a oman’s testimony in court as a witness now counted only half as much as that of a man’s; a woman had to ask her husband permission to divorce. The drafters of the penal code had apparently consulted the seventh century for legal advice. † (Ebadi, 51). Ebadi’s head pounded with rage as she read this news. â€Å"The grim statues that I would spend the rest of my life fighting stared back at me from the page†, she writes. One effect of the new Islamic penal code was the imbalance it caused within Ebadi’s marriage. â€Å"The day Javad and I married each other, we joined our lives together as two equals†, she writes. But under these laws, he stayed a person and I became a chattel. They permitted him to divorce me at will, take custody of our future children, and acquire three wives and stick them in the house with me. † (Ebadi, 53). Ebadi knew her husband had no intentions of putting this new law to use, but she still could not accept the distraction the imbalance between them was causing her. At length, Ebadi came up with a solution: within the course of the next morning, her and her husband drove to the local notary where her husband readily signed a postnuptual agreement. This granted Ebadi the right to divorce her husband without permission, as well as primary custody of their children in the event of a separation. â€Å"Why are you doing this? † the astonished notary asked [Javad]. â€Å"My decision is irrevocable, â€Å" Javad replied. â€Å"I want to save my life. † This eased Ebadi’s feeling of unrest greatly, her and her husband were equals again, but a small part of her was still at unease. â€Å"After all, I couldn’t drag all the men of Iran down to the notary, could I? † (Ebadi, 54). September 22nd, 1980 marked the day that Saddam Hussein launched a full-blown invasion on Iran. Though the popular discontent with the revolution had by no means abated: as Ebadi mentions, during the war, â€Å"the newspapers still had long lists of the executed, all the former regime’s officials and counterrevolutionaries who had been shot or hung, and sometimes pages filled with macabre photos of gallows and dead bodies. † Despite all of this, the people went on, just as they had through the upheaval after the revolution. In short, the decade after the revolution was one filled with much strife, war, and repression. This strife first became personal to Ebadi in the form of the political imprisonment and murder of her brother-in-law Fuad at the young age of 24. â€Å"Fuad’s death made me even more obstinate†, she writes. â€Å"We had been told not to discuss his death with anyone, so I talked about his execution night and day. In taxis, at the corner shop, in line for bread, I would approach perfect strangers and tell them about this sweet boy who was sentenced to twenty years in prison for selling newspapers, and then executed. † (Ebadi, 89) This tragic event in Ebadi’s life, the hot outrage that it made her feel, is remembered as the spark which would lead to her return to legal practice in the 1990’s. Things had, of course, continued to happen since Fuad’s death in the fall of 1988. In 1989, Khomeini had died, the komitehs harsh, unnecessary punishments grew more serious and frequent: Ebadi writes of one instance in which her friend’s fiance is whipped 80 times with no legal grounds whatsoever. The extreme laws against women grew more and more severe. When Ebadi was arrested for the first time (for a crime of wardrobe), she mentions an elderly woman who was arrested for the â€Å"crime† of wearing slippers. Yet over time, it again â€Å"became fashionable for the daughters of Traditional families to attend college†, Ebadi writes. â€Å"Throughout the nineties, the number of women with college degrees rose steadily, and eventually the women began to outnumber the men in universities by a small margin. † This new wave of educated women emerging from Iran created a people that was no longer content to slip back into their old, traditional roles in the home. This new attitude was often met by extreme clashes within the family. Ebadi writes of one such woman who, upon requesting a divorce from her husband, was refused by her father. Facing a lifetime of unhappiness, the woman doused herself in gasoline and set herself ablaze. In 1992, Ebadi again began practicing law, this time exclusively taking on pro bono cases. She pored over religious texts, attempting to gain sufficient knowledge to argue against particular interpretations that would claim that, within Islam, discriminatory interpretations were to be made. Ebadi began to take on only the cases of women and children, for these were the ones who were constantly at the mercy of a sick, twisted government. Ebadi took on many cases; one was that of the family of Zahra Kanzemi, an Iranian journalist who had been killed in police custody in 2003. Another was that of a student who was beaten to death by paramilitaries during a 1999 protest; Ebadi herself was imprisoned during the course of this case. While digging through the paperwork for a case representing the children of a couple who had been slain in their home, Ebadi stumbled across the official authorization of her own assassination. The response Ebadi has to this shocking information was one of the major instances that. I believe, greatly endears her to the reader as an extremely brace and powerful woman. â€Å"I wasn’t scared, really, nor was I angry†, she writes. Instead, Ebadi simply wanted to know why. One thing that is truly unique about Ebadi is the way in which she writes about her life choices. She writes about them as if they were natural, obvious, and just the thing anyone would have done in her place. In reality, this is not so. Many others around Ebadi had the education and ability to make the same choices that Ebadi had made, but they did not, some even emigrating during the Iran-Iraq war. For Ebadi, patriotic to the core, the only choice was to stay. She has a love for her country that defies the instability and repression the government tries to place upon her. Ebadi knows, deep within herself, that the government is not the country. The only moral choice she could live with was to fight injustice with law; the very law the injustices claimed themselves to be. Following the ‘Reform Era’, you can see Ebadi breathe a huge sigh of relief. The years of constant anxiousness over everything, even her girl’s birthday parties, were behind her. The days when young people would be whipped for venturing into the mountains together, women would be detained or lashed for simply wearing a smudge of makeup or nail-polish, or for wearing any color clothing besides navy or black tones, were happily retired. Moderate President Khatami sought to pull back the system’s interference in the people’s private lives, but as Ebadi states, â€Å"President Khatami deserves only a measure of credit for this shift. Really it was because my daughters’ uncowed generation started fighting back, and, through the force of their sheer numbers and boldness, made it unfeasible for the state to impose itself as before. † This book was, in my opinion, a fantastic portrait of a life lived in truth. It was a delight to see how Ebadi’s simple courage and outright stubbornness made a vast difference in the lives of many, even in the face of extreme adversity, like her own possible assassination. In conclusion, I will once again quote Ebadi, as she articulates the dignity of the reform movement within Iran. It so happened that I believed in the secular separation of religion and government because, fundamentally, Islam, like any religion, is subject to interpretation. It can be interpreted to oppress women or interpreted to liberate them†¦ I am a lawyer by training, and know only too well the permanent limitations of trying to enshrine inalienable rights in sources that lack fixed ter ms and definitions. But I am also a citizen of the Islamic Republic, and I know the futility of approaching the question any other way. My objective is not to vent my own political sensibilities but to push for a law that would save a family like Leila’s† — a child who was raped and murdered — â€Å"from becoming homeless in their quest to finance the executions of their daughter’s convicted murderers. If I’m forced to ferret through musty books of Islamic jurisprudence and rely on sources that stress the egalitarian ethics of Islam, then so be it. Is it harder this way? Of course it is. But is there an alternative battlefield? Desperate wishing aside, I cannot see one. † – Shirin Ebadi How to cite Iran Awakening, Essay examples

The Moral Of Everyman Essays (540 words) - Earths Children, Ayla

Neither will Phoebe DiPietro. She says detectives have asked her and her son not to divulge details of what happened that night to avoid possibly hindering the investigation. "I can tell you there was not a party here at the house. Just beyond that, I can't answer any questions." She says her son put Ayla to bed every night. DiPietro says it was her son Justin (Ayla's father) who told her Ayla was missing. She would not say what time, where she was when she heard or elaborate.Police have said the little girl was put to bed about 8 that night and that her father reported her missing the next morning just before 9. DiPietro revealed she told investigators about "oddities" in the house after Ayla disappeared. She would not describe what they were. She added that she doesn't think police want her to disclose that information. Ayla's grandmother also said she allowed police to immediately search her house without a warrant, and that she and her son have undergone several interrogations. She says she answered all their questions and prepared several written statements of what happened that night at their request. The police had full access to the house for about three weeks from mid-December until the end of the month. DiPietro says police searched everywhere, fingerprint dust was all over the place. They left her a list of what was removed, including laptop computers and cell phones that belonged to her and her son. The phones and computers have now been returned. Ayla's room, she says, has been turned upside down by investigators searching for clues.Maine State Police took the lead in the investigation, at the request of the Waterville police, because they now consider it a criminal investigation based "on evidence gathered by investigators." The FBI and Maine Warden Service are also involved in the case. Ayla was last seen wearing pajamas that said "Daddy's Princess." DiPietro says she believes investigators are doing all they can to find Ayla. She also discounted claims by Ayla's mother that Justin DiPietro may have abused or mistreated his daughter. The toddler's parents don't live together. Ayla's mother previously has been in rehab. Ayla had been wearing a soft sling on her left arm. Her grandmother says Ayla's arm was injured during an accidental fall. At the time, she says her son was coming home with Ayla. DiPietro says she heard a thud at the back door. It was dark at the time, and she says her son had slipped on the stairs outside the side door and fell with Ayla in his arms. DiPietro ran to help them both. The youngster was crying but didn't immediately appear injured. The next morning, one of her hands swelled and she was taken to an emergency room for treatment. She says her son would never harm Ayla. "Justin is a great dad. He truly, truly is. And I know he loves Ayla," his mother said.Ayla's grandmother gently stroked a sparkly red dress with a sales tag still hanging on it. it was supposed to be a Christmas present for Ayla. Tears rolled down her cheek. "I'd give everything I owned if we can have her back."